Whose place? Lessons from a case study of a guardianship determination for an Australian Indigenous child

Whose values matter when considering which environment is healthier for a child whose guardianship is contested? The biological mother from a remote Australian Aboriginal community, who voluntarily relinquished her but has now requested her return? The foster mother who has cared for her in a metropolitan centre in another State of Australia, thousands of kilometres away? The welfare professionals who also live in that city? Or the child herself, who left her birth home and community five years earlier at the age of two? Drawing on a case study of a seven-year old Aboriginal girl, the authors argue that non-Indigenous values trumped Indigenous values without the realisation of key players who were empowered to make such determinations. The article uses Manuel DeLanda's neo-assemblage theory to consider the range of processes that exert themselves to shape place-values and social identity in colonised nations. It will also draw on Erik Erikson's and Lev Vygotsky's theories of psychosocial development to consider competing sets of values that raised feelings of dissonance within the child. Beliefs about what makes a place health-giving are revealed to be complex in colonised nations. Despite policy and legislative changes to better support Aboriginal people and their right to difference, non-Indigenous professionals can continue to be driven by an unrecognised systemic racism. While place-values are not, of course, the only (or perhaps even the most significant) consideration in guardianship determinations, this article will argue they can play a significant and covert role.     

Comparison between tension band and cerclage with X-Plate and lag screws in treatment of comminuted patellar fractures

BackgroundComminuted patellar fractures are not rare, and the ideal treatment method remains controversial. The present study was conducted to evaluate effects and compare complications of two different methods used to treat comminuted patellar fractures.MethodsFrom March 2010 to August 2016, 102 cases of 34-C2 or 34-C3 comminuted patellar fractures were treated at our hospital, wherein patients received two different treatments: titanium cable tension band with cerclage method (group A) and intrafragmentary screws with X-shaped plating technique (group B). At follow-ups, articular step-off, range of motion (ROM), Lysholm scores, time of union, and complications were recorded and analyzed. Radiographic and clinical data as well as rate of complications were statistically analyzed.ResultsIn total, 87 patients were included in the final analysis (n = 47 in group A and n = 40 in group B). No significant differences were noted in terms of cost of implant, age, gender, rate of 34-C3 fractures, rate of layered inferior pole fractures, postoperative articular step-off and union time. At 2-year follow-up, average Lysholm scores, ROM and rate of complications were (89.0 ± 4.5), (122°±12°) and (27.7%) in group A and (90.2 ± 3.9), (124°±11°) and (17.5%) in group B, respectively, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). The mean time of surgery in group B was shorter than that in group A with significant difference (p < 0.05).ConclusionsTreatment using the intrafragmentary screws and plate method for amenable comminuted patellar fractures achieved similar complication rate and favorable functional outcomes at the 2-year follow-up, which was comparable to the titanium cable tension band with cerclage method. Thus, the intrafragmentary screws and plate method is effective, safe and convenient for 34-C2/C3 comminuted patellar fractures, especially appropriate for patients with layered fragments.     

空腹血糖与TG/HDL-C 对非糖尿病患者并发COVID-19 的预测价值研究

目的　探究空腹血糖与三酰甘油/ 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(triglyceride/high density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG/HDL-C) 比值在对糖尿病患者并发新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) 的预测价值。方法　连续收集2021 年12 月～ 2022 年1 月西安市第四医院收治的非糖尿病并发COVID-19 患者39 例，通过倾向性评分匹配同期西安交通大学第二附属医院健康体检者34 例( 健康对照组)，比较两组间临床特征与实验室检验指标，Logistic 回归及受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic, ROC) 曲线分析空腹血糖与TG/HDL-C 对非糖尿病患者并发COVID-19 的预测价值。结果　COVID-19 患者均为轻型(30 例) 或普通型(9 例)，整体症状较轻，中位年龄29.0 (20.0, 49.0) 岁，男性24 例(61.5%)，临床预后较好。COVID-19 患者入院时空腹血糖(4.30±0.47 mmol/L) 与HDL-C[1.07(0.86, 1.30) mmol/L]较健康对照组[5.15±0.70 mmol/L, 2.24(1.77, 3.05) mmol/L] 显著降低，差异具有统计学意义(t=6.277, P ＜ 0.001；Z =-6.026,P＜0.001)，而低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C) [2.40(1.81, 2.91) mmol/L] 与TG/HDL-C [0.91(0.54, 1.52)] 较健康对照组[1.11 (0.99, 1.30) mmol/L, 0.54 (0.33, 0.90)] 显著升高，差异具有统计学意义(Z=-6.271, -2.801,均P ＜ 0.005)。Logistic 回归分析显示入院时空腹血糖可能是非糖尿病患者感染COVID-19 的独立保护因素(OR :0.020,95% CI: 0.003 ～ 0.150)，TG/HDL-C 升高可能是COVID-19 发病的独立危险因素(OR :4.802, 95% CI: 1.249 ～ 18.460)。ROC 曲线结果显示，空腹血糖与TG/HDL-C 能较好地预测COVID-19 发病风险，曲线下面积(area under curve, AUC) 分别为0.871 和0.708，二者联合诊断的AUC 为0.895。结论　空腹血糖降低与TG/HDL-C 升高可能是非糖尿病人群并发COVID-19 的危险因素，对COVID-19 发病具有较好的预测价值。     

白藜芦醇对酒精诱导雄性大鼠骨量减少和骨强度降低的保护作用

目的探索白藜芦醇对酒精诱导雄性大鼠骨量减少和骨强度降低的影响。方法 30只12周雄性大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组和治疗组3组,每组10只。模型组和治疗组大鼠给予0.4 mL/100 g的20%乙醇溶液,每周3次。治疗组接受白藜芦醇40 mg/kg治疗,每日一次,治疗为期12周。治疗结束时收集血清和股骨对治疗结果进行评价。结果治疗12周后,治疗组的股骨骨密度较模型组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Mircro-CT显示治疗组大鼠股骨干骺端较模型组具有更多骨小梁以及更佳的骨微观参数,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);生物力学结果显示治疗组股骨的极限载荷和峰值负荷较模型组显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);而血清检测结果表明治疗组的碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素较模型组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论白藜芦醇对酒精诱导雄性大鼠骨量减少和骨强度降低有一定的保护作用。     

医源性面瘫的手术治疗

报道医源性面瘫的手术治疗经验，探讨其发生原因、处理措施及治疗效果。     

Longer Operative Time Results in a Higher Rate of Subsequent Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Patients Undergoing Primary Joint Arthroplasty

Background

Whether prolonged operative time is an independent risk factor for subsequent surgical site infection (SSI) and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) remains a clinically significant and underexplored issue. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between operative time and the risk of subsequent SSI and PJI in patients undergoing primary TJA.